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Bankruptcy is the inability of a legal entity to fulfill financial obligations. The bankruptcy procedure is initiated if a limited liability company does not pay its obligations for more than 3 months and the total amount of debt exceeds 300,000 rubles.
Protected Intellectual Property, a closed list of which is given in Article 1225 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation, include objects of copyright. The objects of copyright are works of science, literature and art: literary, musical, audiovisual works, works of painting, sculpture, design, photography, maps, computer programmes, databases and many others. A detailed list of copyright objects is contained in the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works and is also enshrined in Article 1259 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation and is open-ended.
In business sale transactions, entrepreneurs and lawyers often confuse selling a business as a set of separate assets and selling it as a single property complex (an enterprise). Failure to understand this distinction—especially regarding legal regulation—can lead to transaction invalidation, financial losses, and even legal liability. Let’s examine the key differences and why…
Registration of a company, namely a limited liability company, is not a complicated or labor-intensive procedure today. To do this, it is necessary to have one or more founders, an authorized capital of more than 10,000 rubles, a charter, a protocol on the establishment of an LLC and an agreement if there are several founders. The latter document performs a rather important function – it fixes the size, procedure and terms of payment of shares in the authorized capital for each of the founders in order to avoid a dispute.
Contents: The Essence of International Transactions Forms of International Transactions Types of International Transactions Required Documentation Procedure for Conducting International Transactions Regulations Governing International Transactions Conclusion Conducting business in the era of globalization necessitates expansion into international markets, presenting new horizons of opportunity. Yet, this endeavor comes with a prerequisite:…
Key Events in July: 18th EU Sanctions Package: Expanded Lists: Restrictions imposed on 14 individuals, 41 companies, and 22 banks (including T-Bank, Yandex Bank, Ozon Bank, Surgutneftegazbank, DOM.RF, and their >50% owned subsidiaries). A full prohibition on financial transactions replaced previous SWIFT restrictions. Transactions with the Russian Direct Investment Fund (RDIF)…
In order to create a common structure and merge several companies into one enterprise, the legislation provides for a reorganization procedure. It is carried out in the form of a merger or acquisition. In the international market, such mergers are called M&A transactions, as a result of which the business reaches a qualitatively new level.
The general director is a business manager who is responsible for the material, economic and production activities of any enterprise. The director, like any person in the company, is endowed with certain official functions.
Business restructuring is a vital strategic process that companies undertake to adapt, optimize, and improve their operational and financial structures. Whether driven by financial challenges, market changes, mergers and acquisitions, or a desire to enhance competitiveness, restructuring plays a crucial role in reshaping organizations for long-term success.
A transaction always involves two parties: a buyer and a seller. Finance professionals commonly describe their positions as being on the buy and sell side of M&A. As with many finance languages, what this means depends on the situation. In the financial industry, these are referred to as the buy-side and sell-side, respectively. As an acquisition and mergers investment manager, you do 2 factors: one presents your bank to potential clients and earns business from them through buy or sell-side Mergers and acquisition, and the other executes the agreements offered by these customers. Let us examine the distinctions.
On July 25, 2025, significant amendments to advertising legislation come into force, fundamentally changing the approach to defining what constitutes advertising in the digital environment. These changes aim to establish clearer and fairer criteria for distinguishing between advertising and non-advertising materials, which is particularly relevant for rapidly developing online platforms….
Joining a foreign company to a Russian limited liability company (LLC) is one of the ways to develop business in Russia. Such a move could bring significant benefits to both parties by opening new markets, providing access to technology and expertise, and fostering mutually beneficial cooperation.
The mergers and acquisitions are one of the most effective tools for business development. M&A deals help to expand the business, improve its production indicators, and enter new markets. In addition, mergers and acquisitions increase the competitiveness and increase the profitability of the business. However, such transactions are often carried…
Due Diligence is a special process that is necessary for a comprehensive assessment by specialists of the investment object. First of all, this process is conducted to avoid potential investment risks. Moreover, such a service includes a comprehensive audit of the financial state of the company, an analysis of its operations, as well as legal assistance in case of sale or purchase of assets.
An association of companies is a form of economic activity that involves the presence of several organizations. The association is necessary to create a single organism for the coordination of their industrial, scientific and other activities, as well as to solve joint economic and social problems. In essence, this is what is called the joint activity of companies.
