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A limited liability company (LLC) is a popular form of business organization in Russia. During the company’s activity, there are many planned and unplanned situations, some of which lead to the withdrawal of one of the participants from the company.

There are many reasons for liquidating a commercial organization including decision of tax authority. Also, it can be referred to the voluntary liquidation of the company by decision of its members or management. The decision to terminate a business can be made because it has achieved its goal or the deadline for which it was founded has passed.

A particular case of terminating company’s activity is to declare insolvency – situation when the company is unable to pay its credit debts, dismissal compensations and other compulsory payments. Grounds for liquidation of a legal entity due to the bankruptcy and its procedure are stated in the law on “Insolvency (bankruptcy)”. This is the essential law regulating situation when a company is not able to fulfill its obligations.

It is important to understand that the employer and the employee conclude a fundamental legal document regulating professional relations. It is in the contract that the employer’s obligation to provide the performer with the scope of professional functions according to the specialty, the creation of working conditions that meet the requirements of the law, is officially fixed.

Permanent residence permit is unlimited document which entitles foreign citizen to live and work in Russia. An adult or a child who has obtained PRP does not become Russian citizen, but he/she can study, work, do business, move from region to region without any restrictions. Moreover, obtaining PRP is a mandatory requirement to get Russian citizenship, thus PRP is usually obtained by those foreign citizens who want to link their future with Russia.

Russian law provides for several types of companies’ activity termination. A legal entity may be wound up by decision of its participants or the court. In the first case, company ceases to exist in connection with the expiration of the period for which the enterprise was created, or in connection with the achievement of the purpose of its operation. For example, if a company was created to implement a construction project, after putting the facility into operation, the company may officially cease to exist.

Russian laws define citizenship as a stable legal relationship between a person and the state. This relationship is represented by the sum of mutual rights and obligations that arise between citizen and the Russian Federation. Most of these rights and obligations are provided for by the Constitution.

All commercial entities including small and medium sized companies and sole proprietors are obliged to do bookkeeping. However, bookkeeping under simplified tax system has some peculiarities. Although it is easier in comparison with the requirements for companies applying general tax system, some mistakes may lead to penalties and other sanctions imposed by authorities.

Often it is almost impossible to protect violated rights without the intervention of law enforcement bodies. That is why the legislators have provided several ways to protect the interests of individuals and organizations, the main of which is applying to court for the protection of their rights.

A company may be deemed to have been dissolved and ceased to exist only after it has been recorded in the registry. Thus, the final stage of liquidation of any enterprise is the state registration of the liquidation of the legal entity. Without an entry in the register, the company cannot cease to exist, relevant changes are made by the Federal Tax Service or the Registration Centre.

The official winding up of a legal entity is a difficult procedure which takes time and requires concerted actions of a huge number of professionals. First of all, executive bodies inform about the beginning of the procedure through the media, then they appoint a commission and draw up an interim balance. Once the debts are settled, the companies approve the final balance. It is also necessary to fire the employees, pay salaries and compensation to employees – and this is not the complete list of actions.

Today legal entities while carrying out it’s business activities, often face not only conflict situations with contractors, partners and competitors but also disputes within one organization. Such disputes are one of the most widespread in the companies’ sphere of activity and is called corporate disputes.

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